Symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis

Symptoms usually start in early adulthood and may progress slowly. Common signs and symptoms include:

• Chronic lower back pain and stiffness (especially in the morning or after rest)
• Pain and stiffness in hips, buttocks, or neck
• Fatigue and general discomfort
• Pain improves with exercise but worsens with inactivity
• Reduced flexibility of the spine or difficulty standing straight
• In severe cases, fusion of spinal bones (ankylosis) causing loss of mobility

Causes & Risk Factors

The exact cause of Ankylosing Spondylitis is unknown, but it is strongly linked to genetic and immune system factors. Common risk factors include:

• Genetic factor (HLA-B27 gene): Found in most patients with AS and increases susceptibility.
• Gender: More common in men than women.
• Age: Typically begins between ages 15 and 40.
• Family history: Having a close relative with AS increases risk.
• Immune system dysfunction: Overactive immune response causing inflammation in joints and ligaments.

Diagnosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis

Diagnosis is based on symptoms, physical findings, imaging, and laboratory tests. Evaluation typically includes:

• Detailed medical history and spinal examination
• X-rays or MRI of the spine and sacroiliac joints to detect inflammation or fusion
• Blood tests for HLA-B27 gene and inflammation markers (ESR, CRP)
• Physical assessment of posture and spinal mobility

Early detection helps slow progression and prevent severe spinal deformity.

Treatment & Management of Ankylosing Spondylitis

While Ankylosing Spondylitis cannot be completely cured, early and ongoing treatment can manage symptoms and prevent complications. Treatment options include:

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve pain and stiffness
• Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for peripheral joint involvement
• Biologic therapies (TNF inhibitors or IL-17 blockers) to control inflammation
• Physiotherapy and posture correction exercises
• Lifestyle adjustments to maintain flexibility and spinal health

With proper care, most patients maintain a normal lifestyle with reduced pain and improved movement.

Exercise & Lifestyle Tips for Ankylosing Spondylitis

Adopting healthy habits plays a vital role in managing Ankylosing Spondylitis effectively:

• Perform daily stretching and back-strengthening exercises
• Practice good posture to prevent spinal deformity
• Quit smoking to maintain lung and spinal health
• Engage in low-impact activities such as swimming or yoga
• Maintain a balanced diet and healthy body weight
• Follow up regularly with your rheumatologist for monitoring

Why Choose Dr. Aditi Patankar Deshpande for Ankylosing Spondylitis Care?

Dr. Aditi Patankar Deshpande offers expert diagnosis and personalized treatment for Ankylosing Spondylitis using the latest medical advancements. With her experience in managing complex autoimmune and inflammatory spine disorders, she focuses on early detection, pain management, and mobility preservation — helping patients lead active, confident, and pain-free lives.