Symptoms of Chikungunya Arthritis

Symptoms typically begin after the acute phase of the Chikungunya viral infection and may include:

• Severe joint pain and swelling (especially wrists, ankles, and small joints)
• Morning stiffness or difficulty moving joints
• Persistent fatigue and muscle pain
• Low-grade fever and body ache during relapses
• Joint deformities or chronic stiffness (in severe cases)

The symptoms can mimic autoimmune arthritis and may last from a few weeks to several months if not treated appropriately.

Causes & Risk Factors

The condition is caused by the Chikungunya virus, transmitted by the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. After the infection resolves, the immune system may continue attacking the joint tissues, leading to chronic inflammation. Risk factors include:

• Previous Chikungunya infection
• Older age (above 40 years)
• Pre-existing joint disorders (like osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis)
• Weak immune response or autoimmune tendency

Diagnosis of Chikungunya Arthritis

Diagnosis involves ruling out other causes of arthritis and confirming prior Chikungunya infection. The evaluation includes:

• Detailed clinical history and examination
• Blood tests for Chikungunya IgM/IgG antibodies
• Inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP) to assess ongoing inflammation
• Joint imaging (X-rays or ultrasound) to evaluate swelling or damage

Early diagnosis helps in preventing long-term joint damage and disability.

Treatment & Management of Chikungunya Arthritis

Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, relieving pain, and improving joint mobility. Management includes a combination of medications, physiotherapy, and lifestyle changes:

• Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief
• Corticosteroids for short-term control of severe inflammation
• Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) in chronic cases
• Physiotherapy and joint exercises to improve flexibility
• Adequate hydration and rest during flare-ups

Under the supervision of a rheumatologist, most patients recover well with long-term symptom control and minimal recurrence.

Prevention & Self-Care Tips

While there’s no specific vaccine for Chikungunya, preventive measures can significantly reduce risk and aid recovery:

• Avoid mosquito bites by using repellents and wearing full-sleeved clothing
• Eliminate stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding
• Follow a healthy, anti-inflammatory diet (rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3)
• Engage in regular low-impact exercises to maintain joint health
• Continue medications and regular follow-up with your rheumatologist

Why Choose Dr. Aditi Patankar Deshpande for Chikungunya Arthritis Management?

Dr. Aditi Patankar Deshpande, Consultant Physician & Rheumatologist, offers expert evaluation and comprehensive management for Chikungunya-induced arthritis. With her experience in post-viral and autoimmune joint diseases, she focuses on accurate diagnosis, evidence-based treatment, and long-term rehabilitation — helping patients regain mobility, comfort, and quality of life.